Respondent Burden Effects on Item Non-Response and Careless Response Rates: An Analysis of Two Types of Surveys

The respondent burden refers to the effort required by a answer questionnaire. Although this concept was introduced decades ago, few studies have focused on quantitative detection of such burden. In paper, face-to-face survey and telephone conducted in Valencia (Spain) are analyzed. presence is studied terms both item non-response rates careless response rates. particular, two moving-window statistics based coefficient unalikeability average longstring index proposed for characterizing responding. Item modeled each using mixed-effects models, including respondent-level question-level covariates also temporal random effects assess existence during results suggest that sociodemographic characteristics respondents typology question impact Moreover, estimates indicate time-varying, suggesting an increasing trend has been found, which supports hypothesis Regarding responding, despite some variation, no clear identified.